An investigation of the impact of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on reducing cardiac risks in Ekiti State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Smoking is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, with numerous studies demonstrating a strong correlation between smoking and the incidence of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular conditions (Afolabi et al., 2023). In Ekiti State, as in other parts of Nigeria, smoking remains a significant public health challenge, particularly among young adults and people living in urban areas (Adedeji & Olusola, 2024). Smoking contributes to various cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels, and blood clotting issues, all of which increase the likelihood of heart attacks and other heart-related conditions.
Nurse-led smoking cessation programs have been identified as an effective strategy for reducing smoking prevalence and associated cardiovascular risks. These programs, which often include counseling, behavioral therapy, and pharmacological support, aim to help individuals quit smoking and adopt healthier lifestyles (Ogunmodede & Adebayo, 2023). Nurses, due to their direct interaction with patients, their credibility, and their ability to provide consistent follow-up, are well-positioned to lead smoking cessation efforts within their communities. However, the impact of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on reducing cardiac risks in Ekiti State has not been thoroughly examined. This study seeks to investigate how nurse-led smoking cessation programs in Ekiti State contribute to reducing cardiovascular risks among participants, especially focusing on the effectiveness of these programs in promoting smoking cessation and improving heart health.
Statement of the Problem
Smoking is a known risk factor for heart disease, yet smoking rates remain high in Ekiti State. Despite the growing awareness of the health risks associated with smoking, many individuals continue to smoke, thereby increasing their risk of cardiovascular diseases. While various smoking cessation programs exist, there is limited evidence on the specific impact of nurse-led programs in reducing cardiac risks. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the effect of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on reducing cardiovascular risks in Ekiti State.
There is a lack of empirical data on how nurse-led smoking cessation initiatives are structured and implemented in Ekiti State, as well as their direct impact on participants' cardiovascular health. The results of this study will provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of these programs and help inform future public health interventions in the state.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the impact of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on smoking behavior in Ekiti State.
2. To evaluate the reduction of cardiovascular risks associated with smoking following participation in nurse-led smoking cessation programs in Ekiti State.
3. To identify the challenges faced by nurses in implementing smoking cessation programs in Ekiti State.
Research Questions
1. How effective are nurse-led smoking cessation programs in changing smoking behavior in Ekiti State?
2. What impact do nurse-led smoking cessation programs have on reducing cardiovascular risks associated with smoking in Ekiti State?
3. What challenges do nurses face in implementing smoking cessation programs in Ekiti State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurse-led smoking cessation programs significantly reduce smoking behavior in Ekiti State.
2. Participation in nurse-led smoking cessation programs leads to a significant reduction in cardiovascular risks among smokers in Ekiti State.
3. There are significant challenges faced by nurses in implementing smoking cessation programs in Ekiti State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on evaluating the impact of nurse-led smoking cessation programs in Ekiti State. It considers both urban and rural areas and assesses the effect of these programs on participants' smoking behavior and cardiovascular health. The study is limited to participants who have been part of nurse-led smoking cessation programs and does not include other smoking cessation interventions. Limitations include the availability of participants and the reliance on self-reported data.
Definitions of Terms
• Nurse-Led Smoking Cessation Programs: Initiatives led by nurses that aim to help individuals stop smoking through counseling, support, and educational interventions.
• Cardiovascular Risks: Factors that increase the likelihood of developing heart disease, including smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, and obesity.
• Smoking Cessation: The process of quitting smoking, which may involve various strategies, including behavioral therapy, counseling, and pharmacological support.
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